怎么形容秋天？
秋天是收获的季节；
秋天是离别的季节；
秋天是如画般美好的季节；
秋天......也是“贴秋膘”的季节！
此图为蜘蛛侠远征欧洲时的照片
此图为蜘蛛侠正在“贴秋膘”的照片
（摄于爱乐君家中）
起初“小蜘蛛”并不在意自己的体重，直到那一天……
那一夜的纽约，格外地冷……
鉴于“小蜘蛛”的……特殊经历以及同学们对脂肪的一致控诉，今天爱乐君就给大家简单介绍几项运动，并对蜘蛛侠的尾巴骨致以诚挚的问候。
1
排球
Volleyball
Volleyball history began in a town called Holyoke, Massachusetts in 1895. The sport was developed at the YMCA by William G. Morgan as an alternative for the older men that was less taxing than basketball. Originally called Mintonette, it took the net from tennis and took cues from basketball, baseball, and handball. The net was only 6'6" high, just above the average man's head.
1895年，排球起源于马萨诸塞州一个叫做霍利约克的小镇。这项运动由基督教青年会的干事威廉·M·摩根发明。因为是作为一项替代品面对年长者，所以不像篮球运动那么激烈。起初，排球被称为Mintonette（小网子之意），它将网球网运用到球场上，并融合了篮球、棒球、手球中的元素。网只有6英尺6英寸高，略高于普通的成年人。
Originally, there was no limit to the number of players on a team or the number of contacts per side and the game was primarily played from the ground.
起初，每一队的参赛人数以及在己方场地内传球的次数没有限制。这时的排球还是一项“地面运动”。
（此为奥特曼打排球的照片）
The set and hit (or spike) was first developed in the Philippines in 1916 and changed the way the game was played. Later called volleyball due to the fact that players "volleyed" the ball back and forth, the sport was embraced by the US military and was played often in their free time. Soldiers stationed all over the world played volleyball and taught the locals to play as well, inadvertently spreading the sport to many nations.
举球和扣杀动作于1916年在菲律宾被首次推广并且改变了这项运动的比赛方式。因为在排球比赛中运动员们将球来回“排打”（volley），“排”球（volleyball）也就成了这项运动的名字。此后，排球被美军所接受并成为了他们在闲暇时间的一项主要娱乐方式。驻扎各地的美国士兵不仅自己打排球，而且也教受当地人这项运动，这在无形之中将排球推广到了世界多个国家。
让我们看一下超燃的排球宣传片吧！
Keep your warrants, keep your opinions, keep everything to yourself, block everything you thought, serve it up and get in the game. We keep going, we keep moving, you need to keep up. The games keep coming, their music keeps rising, our energy keeps flowing, it’s your turn. Be part of it,.
坚守承诺，坚持信念，专注于自己，摈除一切杂念，准备好大展身手并且投入比赛。我们勇往直前，我们奋战不息，你，快跟上节奏。比赛临近，音乐声渐起，我们的能量汨汨不绝，现在轮到你了。融入其中。
The power, the spikes, the teamwork, the passion, the strength, the heights, the reach, the reactions, the rallies, the monster blocks. From across the globe, the best in the world.
那种力量， 扣球，团队协作；那种激情，那种力量，那种高度，触球，那种反应，连续对攻，盖帽式拦网。全球参与，世界顶尖球手。
Him, her, them, us, everyone, every nation, keep up, and be part of it.
他，她，他们，我们，每个人，每个国家，跟上节奏，融入其中。
2
橄榄球（美式足球）
Football
In American football, two teams of eleven players each take to a 120-yard field with the ultimate goal of scoring points via a touchdown or field goal. That is the entire game in a nutshell, but it is more complex than that.
在美式足球（橄榄球）中，参赛双方各有11名球员，他们在120码的赛场上展开厮杀，以达阵或射门得分为最终目的。简而言之，橄榄球比赛就是这样，但是真实情况比这复杂得多。
For example, unlike basketball, the same players do not take both defensive and offensive roles. There are separate teams filled with players that are specialists in each.
例如，并不像篮球比赛中的队员们同时肩负着防守和进攻的任务那样，在橄榄球比赛中，两支球队一支专注于防守，而另一支只负责进攻。
When a team has control of the ball, their offense takes the field, including the quarterback, halfback, receivers, tight ends, and the center. On the flip side, the defense takes over when the opposing team is trying to score. This is when the defensive and nose tackles and linebackers are called up.
当一支球队控制住球的时候，他们在场上负责进攻，参与进攻的有四分卫、前卫、接球手、近端锋、中锋。与此相反，当对方球队尝试进攻得分时，这支球队要采取守势。这个时候，防守截锋、尖峰以及线卫要参与到防守中来。
（此为哥斯拉参加橄榄球比赛时的剪影）
Some players make an appearance only for specific plays and they make up the special teams. These positions include the punter, place kicker, kick returner, and long snapper who most often play when the football is being kicked.
还有一些球员，包括弃踢手、踢球手、回攻手以及长发球手只有在特定回合中才会参与到比赛中来，他们共同组成了特勤组。当需要踢球的时候，这些球员就会登场了。
橄榄球可以有多热血？！
精彩台词：
I’ve resolved to give God everything I’ve got, then I’ll leave the results up to him.
我决心要把我的所有都托付给上帝，然后我将把结果留给他来评判。
I wanna know if you’ll go join me.
我想知道，你们是否愿意加入我。
Your attitude’s like the aroma of your heart. If your attitude stinks, it means your heart’s not right.
你的态度应该像你芬芳的心灵一样。如果你的态度不好，那说明你的心灵出现了问题。
God‘s gifted you with ability of leadership. Don’t waste it. Can I count on you?
上帝给了你领导的能力。不要浪费它。我能信赖你吗？
3
棒球
Baseball
Baseball evolved from the British game of rounders, and is a cousin to cricket in that it also involves two teams that alternate on defense and offense and involve throwing a ball to a batsman who attempts to "bat" it away and run safely to a base. The first documentation of base ball is in 1838, but there are references to a game of baseball going back to the late 1700s.
棒球起源于英国的“跑圈子”（rounders）游戏（一说为“圆场球“），与板球（cricket）互为“表兄弟”。在棒球或板球比赛中同时有两支球队，比赛时两队轮流攻守。板球和棒球都是将球投向击球手（batsman），击球手要将球击出并安全上垒。第一次关于棒球的记载出现于1838年，但是文献中提及了一场可以追溯到18世纪末期的棒球比赛。
The story promoted as the “invention” of baseball by Abner Doubleday, a Civil War hero for the Union, has largely been discredited. The first published rules of baseball were written in 1845 for a New York baseball club called the Knickerbockers. The author, Alexander Joy Cartwright, is one person commonly known as "the father of baseball."
据传，棒球，由一位美国南北战争中北部联邦的英雄——戴伯特“发明”的，然而，很多人对这一说法不置可否。1845年，第一部棒球竞赛规则问世，面向一家名为“纽约灯笼裤”的棒球俱乐部使用。它的制定者，亚历山大·卡特莱特，也是为大众公认的“棒球之父”。
（此为奥特曼参加宇宙运动会时打棒球的照片）
Cartwright laid out rules for playing the game for the first time and made one important change. No longer could an out be recorded by "plugging" a runner (hitting him with the ball). The rules required fielders to tag or force the runner, which is still the rule today.
卡特莱特首次为这项运动制定了规则并且对比赛规则做出了一个重大改变。击打跑垒员（用球击中跑垒员）将不再被判作出局。这些沿用至今的规则要求野手通过触杀或者封杀来淘汰跑垒员。
打棒球，要武装到牙齿？！
Welcome to MLB baseball basics. Today, it’s all about equipment. In Major League Baseball, having right gloves is key to any field’s game. Infielders generally use smaller gloves, to better field grounder balls, while outfielders typically prefer large gloves designed to catch fly balls and line drives. The catcher wears a round padded helmet, a protective mask, a chest pad and shinguards to protect from foul balls to flected high speeds.
欢迎收看MLB棒球基础知识。今天我们讲一讲棒球比赛中的装备。在MLB美职棒大联盟中，拥有一个合适的手套是每一位选手成功的基础。内野手一般会用小一点的手套，更适合他们接地滚球；而外野手的手套通常会大一些，更适合他们去接高飞球和平飞球。捕手一般会使用圆形手套，保护头盔加面具，护胸以及护腿板，以保护他们不会受到擦棒界外球的“突然袭击”。
The baseball itself is a sphere of tightly wound yarn covered by white horse hide or cow hide stitched together. When batting, players wear helmet and batting gloves. The bats are always made of wood, just as they were more than 100 years ago.
棒球的中心是纱线包裹的橡胶或软木，并用两条白马皮或牛皮紧密缝合在一起。击球员会戴打击头盔和打击手套。他们使用的球棒通常是木制的，就像100多年前那样。
今天就到这里啦，大家抓住秋天的尾巴，快动起来！
祝愿同学们，干吃不胖！
END
扫一扫，
瘦十斤
