《经济学人》精读笔记合辑
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“精读笔记合辑”第七辑来袭！
一、新创闻
Vietnam gains ground
in shift from China
分析：制造业转向越南？
制造商正在中国以外寻找生产基地，越南成为主要目的地之一。但越南的劳动力、基础设施和资源限制了吸引制造业的能力。
Outside a former Nokia phone factory in the north Vietnamese province of Bac Ninh, a freshly-posted sign advertises jobs for “hardworking, dynamic” workers over 16 years old.
越南北部北宁省(Bac Ninh)一处原先是诺基亚(Nokia)手机工厂的大门外，一张新贴出的招聘广告上写着，招聘16岁以上“勤奋、有活力”的员工。
The plant, which was bought by Taiwan’s Foxconn in 2016, may soon start making Google’s Pixel phones, according to local officials and to a report by Nikkei, as the Silicon Valley company looks for an alternative to manufacturing in China.
当地官员和日经新闻(Nikkei)的一则报道称，这家由台湾富士康(Foxconn)于2016年收购的工厂可能很快会开始生产谷歌(Google)的Pixel手机。目前，这家硅谷企业正在寻找在中国制造手机以外的其他选项。
If the investment materialises, it will be a huge windfall both for Bac Ninh, to the east of Hanoi, where Samsung also has a major smartphone manufacturing base, and for Vietnam, which is emerging as one of the main safe havens from the trade war between the US and China.
如果这笔投资落实，它对北宁省和越南来说都是一笔巨大的意外之财。北宁位于河内以东，三星(Samsung)也在此地建有一个主要的智能手机制造基地。越南正逐渐成为美中贸易战中的主要避风港之一。
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二、赏中思

三、对照读 
英国人不喜欢English这个词
General rule:
通常情况是：
People who are English won't care
英格兰人不介意
Welsh will care and think you're an idiot
威尔士人会介意并认为你是白痴
Scots will really care, and think you an idiot
苏格兰人真的会介意并认为你是白痴
Roughly 50% of people in Northern Ireland will really, really care and think you're either an idiot or being deliberately provocative
几乎50%的北爱尔兰人真的真的会介意，认为你要么是白痴，要么是故意挑衅
So it's not a great strategy. Use “British” if you have to use only one word. For Northern Ireland, I'd always say “Northern Irish” though this has the potential to annoy some unionists/loyalists. Better to take that risk than to say “British” to nationalists/republicans though.
所以这么说并不合适。如果只能说一个词就说“英国人”。对于北爱尔兰人，我总会叫他们“北爱尔兰人”，虽然这有可能会惹恼某些联合主义者或反对独立的人，但冒这个险也要比对民族独立主义者或共和主义者说“英国人”要好。
I am British, and born in England. If people call me English and referring to me as being born in England, but if they are referring to my nationality, it annoys me. I am British, and have British citizenship. The Queen is the Queen of the United Kingdom, but can, informally, be called the British Queen. People who call her the Queen of England are uneducated, as there has not been an English Queen since the Act of Union in 1707.
我是英国人，出生在英格兰。如果人们叫我“英格兰人”指的是我出生在英格兰可以，但如果指的是我的国籍我就会生气。我是英国人，拥有英国国籍。女王是联合国的女王，在非正式用法中可以被称为“英国女王”。叫她“英格兰女王”的人都没文化，因为自从1707年通过《联合法案》之后就再没有“英格兰女王”了。
The problem stems from a lack of understanding between the differences of the United Kingdom, Great Britain, England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It doesn’t help that we have four separate teams in both Football and Rugby. People aren’t taught the difference at school abroad and maybe they should be.
这个问题源于对“联合王国”、“大不列颠”、“英格兰”、“苏格兰”、“威尔士”和“北爱尔兰”这些名称之间的区别缺乏了解。我们的足球和橄榄球都有4个独立球队也没能帮大家理解。国外的学校不教这些区别，其实可能应该教。
Depends which of the four countries they're from. If you refer to an English person as being from England, then no. However, if they're from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, they will be most definitely annoyed. The name UK is more of a political umbrella term that covers all four countries, but the individual country names represent history and culture. Any citizen can be referred to as from the UK, but to be honest they'd probably prefer being referred to as from England, Scotland, Wales or N. Ireland. If they have an obvious recognisable accent, use one of the four to describe them. If they don't, stay safe and say U.K. or British. They'll probably tell you where they're from, and then you say English, Scottish, Welsh or N. Irish. But never refer to someone who is definitely from Scotland, Wales or N. Ireland as from England, cause you'll come across as ignorant and offend them.
这取决于来自4个国家中的哪一个。如果你说英格兰人来自英格兰，他们不生气。然而如果来自苏格兰、威尔士或北爱尔兰那绝对会生气。“联合王国”这个名字更像是一个政治全称，涵盖了4个国家，但每个国家的名字都代表了各自的历史和文化。你可以对任何人说他来自“英国”。但说实话，他们更喜欢被人说是来自英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士或北爱尔兰。如果他们的口音很容易分辨，那就用这4个国家中的一个来称呼他们。如果口音不明显，为了安全起见，还是说“联合王国”或“英国”吧。他们可能会告诉你他们来自哪里，那你就叫他们“英格兰人”、“苏格兰人”、“威尔士人”或“北爱尔兰人”。但绝对不要把你确定知道来自苏格兰、威尔士或北爱尔兰的人说成是来自英格兰，那样你会被认为很无知，会冒犯到他们。
翻译：菲菲
四、编后注
对照读/赏中思：选自全球双语资源
英译汉/汉译英：选自网络公开资源。
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掌握语言，是为了换一个视角看世界
也许长，但必定值得耐心学习
愿你看待这个星球的眼光能够批判且不同